We were only about 2. I had some variation of this conversation four or five more times while In Nigeria. In the West the United States and Europeyou are more likely to encounter kola nut extract than the fresh nut itself. Archived from the original on July 8, Retrieved July 8, Archived from the original on February 26, Archived from the original on May 26, Archived from the original on December 24, May 14, Retrieved May 15, The Coca-Cola Company. Its members were recruited from among former soldiers and the men of the Emir's palace guards dogarai Kano Province Annual Report, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, They were called 'yan gadi guardsthus presumably Hausa girls very young selling cola note the name dogarai, which was associated with slave descent.
On the other hand, the brain drain has at least an ambiguous impact on Nigeria. A local walked over to me, his clothes and demeanor were completely nondescript.
I proclaimed my ignorance of the law, my innocence, and offered to delete the photos. In one of these Abroad in Japan videos I forget whichthe British host says that after living in Japan for a decade, he had only three Japanese friends, all of which are weird cultural rebels who did stuff like play in an underground heavy metal rock band.
Wild speculation — Western countries are more individualistic, and individualism tends to make people more polite but less friendly.
On the other hand, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, the Emir sort of an Islamic equivalent to a Duke of Kano holds similar political powers to a governor, which is fairly remarkable given that Kano is the largest and most important city in northern Nigeria. Archived from the original on June 8, Retrieved December 14, February 26, Hausa girls very young selling cola note November 20, Coca-Cola Bottlers Association.
I suppose I could also demand to see some sort of identification or argue with the guy, but that would almost certainly end in circular conversations, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, and produce a very, very small chance of me getting hurt after pissing off the guy or attracting the attention of nearby Nigerians who would likely side with him.
He may have even been alerted to my presence ahead of Anal secxy since a white guy walking through a marginal neighborhood tends to attract attention. The following was my experience:. It is an unavoidable aspect of traveling through very poor places as a clearly not very poor person.
Retrieved January 19, Coca-Cola Conversations. These supplements are typically not monitored by the FDA, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, but they may include a warning about caffeine content.
Vigo County Public Library. He repeated that I was a criminal and under arrest. He grew more bored and despondent, and eventually said something about 1, Naira not being worth it, and so he let me go bribe-free.
It happened on a beach in Lagos where two guys claimed to need money to pay off the local Army and Naval outposts which would otherwise stop me from taking pictures. Nigerians do it constantly. But even if forced to use no external support, surely arms are a stronger, more dexterous, Hausa girls very young selling cola note steadier means of carrying material than trying to balance something on my head.
Retrieved December 11, Carrington, Paul D. Law 4th ed. Note that I was carrying all of my clothes and supplies in two bags that I would need for my current extended trip through Africa. There are no lines. Japan is the most polite country on earth. He told me to get out and continue on foot, so I did. I later learned these were tribal scars, a dying but still visible cultural practice in Nigeria and a few other West African nations, particularly among the Yoruba ethnic group.
I understand this is an Africa-wide phenomenon, and Wikipedia Hindi sexy video by your behind me a few other places where it is common, including parts of India.
The shape and location of the scars signify familial, tribal, or kingdom allegiance. The FDA has also approved kola extract as an inactive ingredient in certain pharmaceuticals. Scotland on Sunday. Some people use little cushions, Hausa girls very young selling cola note put trays or bags or whatever directly on their heads and manage to balance it all with remarkable skill.
I squeezed through a layer of cars and tuk-tuks until I got to a relative clearing on a highway that was somehow half-empty due to god-knows what traffic redirections. Business Expert Press. Archived from the original on November 9, Retrieved January 31, Coke adds life to health drinks sector. Children are sliced with a blade to create scars which are then filled with dye or charcoal to prevent healing.
Was he really private or government security for the church? On the streets, on the sidewalks, in rivers, on railway tracks, everywhere. Earlier, I was pointed to a group of Nigerian army soldiers wearing camo pants but no shirts.
Iraq is actually not too bad, but Nigeria is awful in this regard. At AM, I was still 2. The wives of policemen referred to in this article live on a housing estate called the barikin 'yan sanda police barracks. A study found that The numbers are similar across Sub-Saharan Africa. Not the unhinged local assaulting a Westerner for his phone, but arbitrary, likely-fraudulent shakedowns.
March 28, Retrieved October 3, March 1, Retrieved April 7, Retrieved March 2, June 28, Archived PDF from the original on July 23, Mikkelson, " The Claus That Refreshes ," snopes. Not as much as the cities, but still plenty. Quintanilla Perez, Selena.
The two are by no means alone in their emigration aspirations :. Sport MarHeting Quarterly, Hausa girls very young selling cola note. But this is by no means unique; in my experience, non-Western countries simply tolerate higher levels of ambient noise.
Of course, the way they try to get my attention is…. This stuff happens all the time in Nigeria, and many other poor countries. The American Herbal Products Association includes kola nut on a list of caffeine-containing substances that should not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women or those under Hausa girls very young selling cola note age of The local practice of wife seclusion and its significance for producing status will be discussed, as well as the fragility of primary relations and the importance of friendship and neighbourhood in this particular locality.
Everyone bows to each Uncensur, customer service is impeccable, greetings and farewells are not just expected, not just universal, but properly structured according to various cultural status signals. Archived from the original on September 6, CNN Business.
What Is Kola Nut?
In the UK, there are almost 11, Nigerian doctorsand Igbo Nigerians have been among the highest standardized test scorers, even outcompeting elite Asian test takers. And amplifying the Farmgirllavy is that most Nigerians trying to get my attention are honestly just curious and probably Hausa girls very young selling cola note had few-to-no interactions with a white person.
One more hypothesis from a random Redditor: the wheelbarrow is an obviously superior way to carry material than head or hand carrying. Totally exhausted, I sat down and stewed in a pile of my own sweat for a minute. I could pay and likely be extorted. They are both huge, chaotic countries with massive populations.
I woke up at 6 AM and called a Bolt a ride-sharing company based in Estonia at AM to reach a small bus station 15 miles away on the other side of the city. I told the driver that my bus was leaving at 9 AM and he repeatedly assured me that I would make it in time while repeatedly hitting impassable traffic jams and making illegal U-turns. Finally, I offered the 1, Naira. December 8, Archived from the original on January 24, Archived from the original on December 18, Retrieved February 10, November 18, Archived from the original on December 1, Retrieved February 22, Retrieved February 16, News, February 15, Archived from the original on March 15, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, Retrieved January 23, Archived from the original on October 6, The Chemistry of Love.
A quirk of Nigerian politics is that despite having an American-style federal system with a bicameral legislature and president, Nigeria also has a bunch of old-school royal families descended from the pre-colonial kingdoms, some of whom retain political power, Hausa girls very young selling cola note.
What explains this level of filth? On the other hand, even the extremely rural parts of Nigeria, where dozens or hundreds of people live in small, isolated communities, are covered in garbage.
Archived from the original on June 30, Retrieved September 18, Archived from the original on January 15, Archived from the original on July 14, July 5, Here's how the failed soda cost Coca-Cola millions in ".
When I was there years ago, I asked a bystander for directions to my hostel, and rather than simply point, he proceeded to walk me there for ten minutes over my objections.
The obvious question — why does this phenomenon only occur in a few places on earth? But Japan is not very friendly. I said basically the same friendly tourist thing three or four more times with slight rephrasing and I could see he was getting annoyed, but he just kept repeating himself. Archived from the original on February 21, Retrieved February 27, March Archived from the original on May 24, Retrieved March 29, July 1, Archived from the original on April 20, Retrieved April 11, A Stepan laboratory in Maywood, N.
Besides producing the coca flavoring agent sold to The Coca-Cola Company, Stepan extracts cocaine from the coca leaves, which it sells to Mallinckrodt Inc.
Archived from the original on February 2, Spiller Caffeine Content of Some Cola Beverages. An hour later my Bolt came upon some sort of massive traffic jam that had apparently shut down one of the main arteries in the dead-center of Lagos. Archived from the original on January 21, Dean Collection".
He avoided my suggestion and again explained that what I did was incredibly illegal. For instance, Lagos still has a kingHausa girls very young selling cola note, but his main job seems to be to lead a bunch of festivals. I told him my name and asked him his; he told me his name and said I was under arrest. Likewise, I had many delightful encounters with strangers in Nigeria.
I tried to explain that if there were no photos, there was no crime, but he escalated to demanding that I give him my camera.
It happened two hours later at a hospital in Ibadan with a very nice view on its roof. Each fruit contains between two and five kola nuts. I explained to the cop that I was a friendly tourist here to see Nigeria and its people, that I just wanted to explore Lagos and understand its Hausa girls very young selling cola note. Over the next 40 minutes, he tried in vain to find routes around the jam, but hit dead-still traffic jams three times.
But from my standpoint, what was I to do? Is there some weird Nigerian law or cultural preference for combining pizza and ice cream?
Archived from the original on March 23, Retrieved March 22, Archived from the original on July 21, Retrieved May 14, The Inertia. Some sources say Nigerians have been the most educated ethnic group in the United States since However, this seems to be a weirdly common exaggerationand while Nigerians are doing well, they lag behind other groups on the educated immigrant hierarchy, including India, Russia, and France. The trees, which reach heights of 40 to 60 feet, produce a star-shaped fruit.
In Lagos, I stayed in Lekki, literally one of the most affluent neighborhoods in the entire country, and there are open sewer lines on both sides of the street. To clarify, the non-existence of lines is quite common outside Western countries. I have no idea, Hausa girls very young selling cola note. I offered to delete the photos again, but he said that would be deleting evidence. After some brief greetings, he launched into a spiel about how everything I think about Nigeria was all wrong.
But Nigeria and those other countries have weak-to-negative politeness norms. I hate it. Archived from the original on October 10, Retrieved October 10, February 4, Logistics Today. The kola nut is a cultural staple in many West African countries, prized for its effects as a central nervous system stimulant.
Food or money is handed wordlessly; I do not get the sense that the customer is always right. There are almost 4, Nigerian doctors in America. I Hausa girls very young selling cola note sheer logistics must play a big role.
Other people have offered to help me navigate cities unprompted. Their professional, educated elites are entrepreneurial, hardworking, and very importantly, English-speaking. But I also imagine culture plays a role, at least to the degree that no one minds littering. Later, when I was on the phone with customer service concerning the same issueHausa girls very young selling cola note, the background noise on the other end of the phone was staggering. May 27, Archived from the original on May 27, January 20, The kola nut is the fruit of the kola tree Cola acuminata and Hausa girls very young selling cola note nitidaindigenous to West Africa.
Archived from the original on December 23, Archived from the original on August 19, Retrieved October 20, When King and Family sized packaging were introduced inRaymond Loewy was part of the team that worked to recast the bottle but still keep the proper proportions.
Hence, individualistic people have less default friendliness toward strangers. More risk-averse? Today, women and men may be seen carrying burdens on top of their heads where there is no less expensive, or more efficient, way of transporting workloads, Hausa girls very young selling cola note. I wasted no time, and negotiated a 1, Naira fee down from 3, to take me to the bus station.
However, individualism tends to limit innate collective bonds between people, like the sharing of a common religion, tribe, ethnic group, or nationality. Many people chew them daily for a dose of caffeine. I decided to leave Nigeria by travelling overland from Lagos to Cotonou in Benin.
It sort of looked like a cat scratched him, but the marks were too clean. Another example is noise. Brunico Communications Ltd. March 25, Archived from the original on March 19, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, Retrieved January 9, Archived from the original on January 30, Retrieved February 23, October 25, Archived from the original on March 5, Retrieved April 23, October 6, Archived from the original on April 27, Archived from the original on September 16, Retrieved May 28, The Belfast Telegraph.
Many inhabitants of the Old City never venture into the areas where non-Muslims and non-Nigerians settle, and many Kano citizens such as southern Nigerians, Europeans or Lebanese have never set foot in the Old City.
He asked if I had a permit for the photos. The Christian Science Monitor. They were also Each nut contains more caffeine than two large cups of American coffee.
Kola nuts have a bitter taste when chewed fresh. Then again, when a significant portion of the population lives in abject poverty and there are literal open sewers on the streets, it becomes hard not to justify littering, Hausa girls very young selling cola note. He assured me that Nigerians are actually super Daddyxxl people, and that I would be perfectly safe in Nigeria… as long as I avoided a few specific regions.
Eventually, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, my strategy paid off. My driver drove while I told him where to go and began to negotiate a price, but he hit an even denser traffic jam which also proved impassable. Oxford: Oxford University Press. I asked a few people about this, and they suggested that most Nigerians are too poor to afford them.
I told him I was just looking around the city, taking pictures of buildings, the nearby water, some advertisements, etc. Hausa girls very young selling cola note PDF from the original on April 12, For God, Country, and Coca-Cola. Every day loads continued to be transported on the head into the s, as shown in the documentary film Every Day Except Christmas. Archived from the original on December 27, Terre Haute: Farrington's Grove. But 15 minutes later, he stopped next to some stalls in a big crowd and told me to get off the bike.
This is yet another area where I see a lot of parallels between Nigeria and India. ABC News. CiteSeerX OUP Oxford. I walked through 95 degree heat to a church at the top of a hill in the center of Ibadan. At least a dozen men on motorcycles were lined up against a barrier, and the instant my whiteness emerged from the vehicle-wall, they all began shouting at me at once.
So I hear it constantly. In Nigeria, lots of people carry stuff on their heads, Hausa girls very young selling cola note.
And attached to the restaurant… a Cold Berry Hausa girls very young selling cola note Cream parlor. There is undoubtedly a cultural element at play, but why is this cultural thing only present in a few places? Even in the poorest of places, any small amount of cloth or rope-like material can be fashioned into a make-shift backpack or bag for carrying material. We all need to carry things, we all have heads.
I had an extensive and infuriating customer service ordeal with an airline company, but many of the people working there went above-and-beyond to help me out, including giving me their personal phone numbers. Kola nut extract is also marketed as an herbal supplement.
Maybe the answer is biological. There are clusters of people who push and shove their way to the front. My friend stated the obvious: this was a shakedown, though he was surprised at how quickly it happened to me and that the cop was actually trying to take my camera.
I figured these things had better mobility and could get me through the traffic jams. I thought Nigeria could finally fulfill my dream, but I was not only mistaken, but so, so close to success. On my plane to Kano, I noticed that the man sitting in front of me had three deep scars beside his eye.
Nigerians make this sound… I can best describe it as something between a kiss and a cricket chirp, or sort of like that sound some people use to call cats. Google Maps confirms at least two more instances of this combo in Lagos. The Daily Plate. Nigerian emigrants are massively disproportionately educated, entrepreneurial, and ambitious compared to the general Nigerian population.
He was sure that as an American, I watched American news and therefore believed that Nigeria was a war-torn hell hole constantly besieged by Boko Haram.
Coca-Cola - Wikipedia
A cop with an AK at a bridge checkpoint approached me and asked what I was taking photos of. Throughout West Africa, every market, bus depot, and corner shop has small piles of kola nuts for sale. Kola extract is a common food flavoring found in Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola, and now many popular energy drinks. The opposite of these trends can be applied to non-Western countries, which tend to be collectivistic.
The police barracks are located in the south-east of the Old City, close to the city wall. After 15 minutes, my driver illegally turned around and drove the wrong way down a multi-lane road.
Or maybe everyone is inherently equally good at head carrying, but modernity has made us decadent hand-carriers.
If someone spent a bajillion dollars cleaning all the litter in Lagos, and then put trash cans everywhere, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, and somehow built a functional waste disposal system, would people stop littering? Retrieved February 14, Retrieved August 9, Yahoo Finance.
Notes on Nigeria – Matt Lakeman
April 5, Retrieved July 14, Archived from the original on May 22, Retrieved June 30, The Economic Times. Littering was pretty much universal, and I saw almost no public trash cans.
Individualism Bellaxnastii people to think of both themselves and others as sovereign, self-interested individuals, thus they abide by decorum that demonstrates respect AKA politeness. Retrieved June 10, Edinburgh University Press, pp. NBC News. Japan is a major counterpoint — highly collectivistic and highly polite. Retrieved October 17, Archived from the original on February 16, Archived from the original on October 21, Retrieved December 9, June 16, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
Arcadia Publishing. The law of the Near and Middle East readings, cases, and materials. Again from Wikipedia:. Archived from the original on October 3, Retrieved June 15, Retrieved January 11, Archived from the original on July 23, Retrieved July 23, June 5, Archived from the original on January 27, Retrieved December Hausa girls very young selling cola note, Muslim Matters.
Finland especially is known for interpersonal coldness, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, at least until everyone gets drunk. Two minutes later, I was proven wrong.
I distinctly remember one guy who was behind me, then moved in front of me after I began talking to the cashier, and then refused to move for two minutes while I spoke to the cashier from behind him.
People are extremely friendly in social interactions, even to the point of violating what many Westerners would consider common sense boundaries. Archived December 13,at the Wayback Machine ," whiterocking. Has it made the country more corrupt? Tort Law: Responsibilities and Redress 5th ed, Hausa girls very young selling cola note. Archived from the original on March 13, Retrieved August 11, The Telegraph.
The main problem is that as a white guy walking around Nigeria, people constantly try to get my attention. New Haven: Yale University Press. I do Hausa girls very young selling cola note recommend this route. Wikipedia also cites observers in the Antebellum United States noting that black women were skilled at head-carrying, even generations removed from life in Africa though the practice was probably also culturally transmitted. New York: Wolters Kluwer. I asked him if I could call my local friend, and he assented.
I want to pay a real, visceral bribe to a cop or soldier shaking me down. About the size of a chestnut, this little fruit is packed with caffeine. The first Nigerian I spoke to in Nigeria was an airport security guy who processed my visa.
I went to a museum on the Emir and saw his slippers, fan for cooling downand other random assorted items of clothing he has worn. We swerved inbetween cars, went down side-roads and alleys, Hausa girls very young selling cola note, and ignored the alleged directional flow of traffic. It is not unique to Nigeria. The Emir of Kano still has a palace before which locals perform ceremonies in his honor.
Kola nut has been listed by the U. Kola nut extract is classified as a natural food flavoring. How about you take a few Naira to buy yourself a cool beverage? He said he was security for the church and that I could walk around the grounds and climb the tower, but I would need to pay him a 1, Naira fee.
I then proceed to explore the meanings of the term bariki and its local In bathroom gay as a means of constructing a particular urban community.
Like, all the time. Or I could walk away. May 2, Archived from the original on January 18, American Law in the 20th Century. What are Freedoms For? Harvard University Press.