Or is ইনà§à¦¡ of my above understanding incorrect, ইনà§à¦¡. I think you'd lose half of ইনà§à¦¡ already-minor benefits of fixed indexing, and there would be ইনà§à¦¡ extra complexity to leave you worse off.
Want to bet that someone will cleverly decide that it's "just easier" to use it as an external encoding as well? The name is unserious but the project is very serious, its writer has responded to a few comments and linked to a presentation of his on the subject[0], ইনà§à¦¡.
You ইনà§à¦¡ look at unicode strings from different perspectives and see a sequence of codepoints or a sequence of characters, both can be reasonable depending on what you want to do. My complaint is that Python 3 is an attempt at breaking as little compatibilty with Python 2 as possible ইনà§à¦¡ making Unicode "easy" to use, ইনà§à¦¡. PaulHoule on May 27, parent prev next [—], ইনà§à¦¡.
Veedrac on May 27, ইনà§à¦¡, root parent prev next [—]. The API in no way indicates that doing any of these things is a problem. That's just silly, so we've gone through this whole unicode everywhere process so we can stop thinking about the underlying implementation details but the api forces you to ইনà§à¦¡ to deal with them anyway. On Mac OS, ইনà§à¦¡, R uses an outdated function to make this determination, so it is unable to print ইনà§à¦¡ emoji, ইনà§à¦¡.
This was presumably deemed simpler that only restricting pairs. Man, what was the drive behind adding that extra complexity to life?! Veedrac on May 27, parent ইনà§à¦¡ [—]. There Python 2 is only "better" in that issues will probably fly under the Bokep cina ibu tiri di perkosa if you don't prod things too much. SimonSapin on May 28, parent next [—]. Given the context of the byte:.
I have to disagree, I think using Unicode in Python 3 is currently easier than in any language I've used. The numeric value of these code units denote codepoints that lie themselves within the BMP.
Because we want our encoding schemes to be equivalent, the Unicode code space contains a hole where these so-called surrogates lie. I certainly have spent very ইনà§à¦¡ time struggling with it.
Sometimes that's code points, ইনà§à¦¡, but more often it's probably characters ইনà§à¦¡ bytes. I get that every different thing character is a different Unicode number code point, ইনà§à¦¡. The nature of unicode is that there's always a problem you didn't but should know existed.
The WTF-8 encoding | Hacker News
It slices by codepoints? Is the desire for a fixed length encoding misguided because indexing into a string is way less common than it seems? People used to think 16 bits would be enough for anyone. The iconvlist function will list the ones that R knows how to process:.
To dismiss this reasoning is extremely shortsighted. Keeping Sex at public utilities coherent, consistent model ইনà§à¦¡ your text is a pretty important part of curating a language. Most of the time however you certainly don't want to deal with codepoints, ইনà§à¦¡. That means if you slice ইনà§à¦¡ index into a unicode strings, ইনà§à¦¡, you might get an "invalid" unicode ইনà§à¦¡ back.
On Windows, a bug in the current version of R fixed in R-devel prevents using the second ইনà§à¦¡. An obvious example would be treating À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ as a fixed-width encoding, ইনà§à¦¡ is bad because you might end up cutting grapheme clusters in half, ইনà§à¦¡, and you can easily forget about normalization if you think about it that way.
When you use an encoding based on integral bytes, you Verjion use the hardware-accelerated and often parallelized "memcpy" bulk byte moving hardware features to manipulate your strings, ইনà§à¦¡.
TazeTSchnitzel on May 27, parent prev next [—].
This was gibberish to me too. You can also index, slice and iterate over strings, all operations that you really shouldn't do unless you really now what you are doing. Your complaint, and the complaint of the OP, seems to be basically, ইনà§à¦¡, "It's different and I have to change my code, therefore it's bad.
SimonSapin on May 27, root parent prev next [—]. It requires all the extra shifting, dealing with the potentially partially filled last 64 bits and ইনà§à¦¡ and decoding to and from the external world, ইনà§à¦¡. These systems could be updated to À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ while preserving this assumption.
There's no good use case. Existing software assumed that every UCS-2 character was also a code point. Every term is linked to its definition. Base R format control codes below using octal escapes. That was the piece I was missing. A listing of the À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ characters is available separately. À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ an encoding based on the locale or the ইনà§à¦¡ of the file should be the exception and something the caller does explicitly. How is any of that in conflict with my original points?
On further thought I agree. DasIch on May 28, ইনà§à¦¡, root parent next [—]. Pretty unrelated but I was thinking about efficiently encoding Unicode a week or two ago.
You could still open it as raw bytes if required. Well, Python 3's unicode support is much more complete. I think there might be some value in a fixed length encoding but UTF seems a bit wasteful, ইনà§à¦¡.
A character can consist of one or more codepoints. And I mean, ইনà§à¦¡, I can't really think of any cross-locale requirements fulfilled by unicode. Can someone explain this in laymans terms? It's often implicit. On the guessing encodings when opening files, ইনà§à¦¡, that's not really a problem. The multi code point thing feels like it's just an encoding detail ইনà§à¦¡ a different place. Coding for variable-width takes more effort, ইনà§à¦¡, but it gives you a better result.
Good ইনà§à¦¡ for that are paths and anything that relates to local IO è€å¤´å«–娼 you're locale is C. Maybe this ইনà§à¦¡ been your experience, but it ইনà§à¦¡ been mine, ইনà§à¦¡. That is not quite true, in ইনà§à¦¡ sense that more of the standard library has been made unicode-aware, and implicit conversions ইনà§à¦¡ unicode and bytestrings have been removed, ইনà§à¦¡.
I think you are missing the difference between codepoints as distinct from codeunits ইনà§à¦¡ characters. With only unique values, a single byte is not enough to encode every character, ইনà§à¦¡.
Dylan on May 27, root parent next [—]. It isn't a position based on ignorance. More importantly some codepoints merely modify others and cannot stand on their own. The package does not provide a method to translate from another encoding to À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ as the iconv function from base R already serves this purpose. There are some other differences between the ইনà§à¦¡ which we will highlight below, ইনà§à¦¡. You can divide strings appropriate to the use, ইনà§à¦¡.
DasIch on May 27, root parent next ইনà§à¦¡. Python 2 handling of paths is not good because there is no good abstraction over different operating systems, ইনà§à¦¡, treating them as byte strings is a sane lowest ইনà§à¦¡ denominator though. Note that 0xa3the invalid byte from Mansfield Parkcorresponds to a pound sign in the Latin-1 encoding, ইনà§à¦¡. See combining code points.
We would only waste 1 bit per byte, which seems reasonable given just how many problems encoding usually represent. In all other aspects the situation has stayed as bad as it was in Python 2 or has gotten significantly worse. So if you're working in either domain you get a coherent view, the problem being when you're interacting with systems or concepts which straddle the divide or even worse may be in either domain depending on the platform.
Most people aren't aware of that at all and it's definitely surprising, ইনà§à¦¡. UTF-8 ইনà§à¦¡ characters using between 1 and 4 bytes each and allows for up to 1, character codes. Having to interact with those systems from a UTF8-encoded world is an ইনà§à¦¡ because they don't ইনà§à¦¡ well-formed UTF, they might contain unpaired surrogates which can't be decoded to a ইনà§à¦¡ allowed in UTF-8 or UTF neither allows unpaired surrogates, for obvious reasons.
Therefore, the concept of Unicode scalar value was introduced and Unicode text was restricted ইনà§à¦¡ not contain any surrogate code point. I understand that for efficiency we want this to ইনà§à¦¡ as fast as possible.
If you need more than reading in a single text file, the readtext package supports reading in text in a variety of file formats and encodings, ইনà§à¦¡.
An number like 0xd could have a code unit meaning as part of a UTF surrogate pair, ইনà§à¦¡, and also be a totally unrelated Unicode code point. That's certainly one important source of errors, ইনà§à¦¡. O 1 indexing of code points is not that useful because ইনà§à¦¡ points are not what people think of as "characters", ইনà§à¦¡.
Why ইনà§à¦¡ you slice or index them? When you try to print Unicode in R, the system will first try to determine whether the code is printable or ইনà§à¦¡. They failed to achieve both goals.
My complaint is not that I ইনà§à¦¡ to change my code. TazeTSchnitzel on May 27, prev next [—]. It seems like those operations make sense in either case but I'm sure I'm missing something. Dylan on May 27, ইনà§à¦¡, parent prev next [—], ইনà§à¦¡.
It's rare enough to not ইনà§à¦¡ a top priority, ইনà§à¦¡. We can test this by attempting to convert from Latin-1 to UTF-8 with the iconv function and inspecting the output:.
Simple compression can take care of the wastefulness of using excessive space to encode text Bokep antar pizza so it really only leaves efficiency. And UTF-8 decoders will just turn invalid surrogates into the replacement character. But inserting a codepoint with your approach would require all downstream bits to be shifted within and across bytes, something that would be a much bigger computational burden, ইনà§à¦¡.
And because of this global confusion, ইনà§à¦¡, everyone important ends up implementing something that somehow does something moronic - ইনà§à¦¡ then everyone else has yet another ইনà§à¦¡ they didn't know existed and they all fall into a self-harming spiral of depravity. One of Python's greatest strengths is that they ইনà§à¦¡ just pile on random features, and keeping old crufty features from previous versions would amount to the same thing, ইনà§à¦¡.
If you don't know the encoding of the file, ইনà§à¦¡, how can you decode it? Why this over, ইনà§à¦¡, say, CESU-8? The name might throw ইনà§à¦¡ off, but it's very much serious, ইনà§à¦¡. It might be removed for non-notability, ইনà§à¦¡. Hey, never meant to imply otherwise, ইনà§à¦¡. Codepoints and characters are not equivalent. Some issues are more subtle: In principle, the decision what should be considered a single character may depend on ইনà§à¦¡ language, nevermind the debate about Han unification - but as far as I'm concerned, ইনà§à¦¡, that's a WONTFIX.
The utf8 package provides the following utilities for validating, formatting, ইনà§à¦¡, and printing UTF-8 characters:. Many people who prefer Python3's way of handling Unicode are aware of these arguments, ইনà§à¦¡. Slicing ইনà§à¦¡ indexing into ইনà§à¦¡ strings is a problem because it's not ইনà§à¦¡ what unicode strings are strings of.
Fortunately it's not something I deal with often but thanks for the info, will stop me getting ইনà§à¦¡ out later, ইনà§à¦¡. Unfortunately it made everything else more complicated. In fact, even people who have issues with the py3 way ইনà§à¦¡ agree that it's still better than 2's. Ah yes, the JavaScript solution. The solution they settled on ইনà§à¦¡ weird, ইনà§à¦¡, but has some useful properties.
With Unicode requiring 21 But would it be worth the hassle for example as internal encoding in an operating system? Multi-byte encodings allow for encoding ইনà§à¦¡. There's ইনà§à¦¡ a ton of local IO, ইনà§à¦¡, but I've upgraded all my personal projects to Python 3. SiVal on May 28, ইনà§à¦¡, parent prev next [—].
There is no coherent view at all. DasIch on May 27, ইনà§à¦¡ parent prev next [—]. À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ caller should specify the encoding manually ideally. Non-printable codes include control codes and unassigned codes. À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ top of that implicit coercions have been replaced with implicit broken guessing of encodings for example when opening files, ইনà§à¦¡. Filesystem paths is the latter, it's text on OSX and Windows — although Beeggirl ill-formed in Windows — but it's bag-o-bytes in most unices.
That is held up with a very leaky abstraction and means that Python code that treats paths as unicode strings and not as paths-that-happen-to-be-unicode-but-really-arent is broken. This kind of cat always gets out of the bag eventually. Say you want to input the Unicode character with hexadecimal code 0x You can do so in one of three ways:.
I thought he was tackling the other problem which is that you frequently find web pages that have both UTF-8 codepoints and single bytes encoded as ISO-latin-1 or Windows This is a solution to a problem I didn't know existed, ইনà§à¦¡.
Unicode: Emoji, accents, and international text
As a trivial example, case conversions now cover the whole unicode range. Thanks for explaining, ইনà§à¦¡. À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ to our original problem: getting the text of Mansfield Park into R. Our first attempt failed:. Then, it's possible to make mistakes when converting between representations, eg getting endianness wrong, ইনà§à¦¡.
SimonSapin on May 27, parent prev next [—].
It certainly isn't perfect, but it's better than the alternatives, ইনà§à¦¡. Note, however, that this is not the only possibility, ইনà§à¦¡, and there are many other encodings, ইনà§à¦¡.
Python 3 doesn't handle Unicode any better than Python 2, it just made it the default string. Bytes still have methods like, ইনà§à¦¡. Why wouldn't this work, apart from already existing ইনà§à¦¡ that does not know how to do this.
If was to make a first attempt ইনà§à¦¡ a variable length, but well defined backwards compatible encoding scheme, I would use something like the number of bits upto and including the first 0 bit as defining the number of bytes used for this character. We would never run out of codepoints, and lecagy applications can simple ignore codepoints it doesn't understand.
You can find a list of all of the characters in the Unicode Character Database. And unfortunately, I'm not anymore enlightened as to my misunderstanding, ইনà§à¦¡. Guessing encodings when opening files is a problem precisely because - as you mentioned - the caller should specify the encoding, ইনà§à¦¡, not just sometimes but always, ইনà§à¦¡. Right, ok. Most of these codes are currently unassigned, but every year the Unicode consortium meets and adds new characters.
That is, ইনà§à¦¡, you can jump to the middle of a stream and find the next code point by looking at no more than 4 bytes. As the user of unicode I don't really care about that. Python 3 pretends that paths can be represented as unicode strings on all OSes, that's not true, ইনà§à¦¡. I know you have a policy of not reply to ইনà§à¦¡ so maybe someone else could step in and clear up my confusion. This is all gibberish ইনà§à¦¡ me.
Serious question -- is this a serious project or a joke? It also has the advantage of breaking in less random ways than unicode.
If I slice characters I expect a slice of characters, ইনà§à¦¡. Yes, "fixed length" is misguided, ইনà§à¦¡. Because not everyone gets Unicode right, real-world data may contain unpaired surrogates, and WTF-8 is an extension of UTF-8 that handles such data gracefully. À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ basically it goes wrong when someone assumes that any two of the above is "the same thing".
The Latin-1 encoding extends ASCII to Latin languages by assigning the numbers to hexadecimal 0x80 to 0xff ইনà§à¦¡ other common characters in Latin languages. UTF-8 has a native representation for big code points that encodes each in 4 bytes. Compatibility with UTF-8 systems, I guess? When you say "strings" are you referring to strings or bytes?
Python however only gives you a codepoint-level perspective. That is the ইনà§à¦¡ goal. I guess you ইনà§à¦¡ some operations to get to those details if you need, ইনà§à¦¡. WTF8 exists solely as an internal encoding in-memory representationbut it's very ইনà§à¦¡ there. We can see these characters below, ইনà§à¦¡. Byte strings can be sliced and indexed no problems because a byte as such is something you may actually want to deal with.
An interesting possible application for this is JSON parsers. Now we have a Python 3 that's incompatible to Python 2 but provides almost no significant benefit, solves none of the large well known problems and introduces quite a few new problems. TazeTSchnitzel on May 27, ইনà§à¦¡, root parent next [—]. I used strings to mean both, ইনà§à¦¡. Let me see if À¦‡à¦¨à§à¦¡ have this straight.
The others are characters common in Latin languages. That is a unicode string that cannot be encoded or rendered in any meaningful way. I'm not even sure why you would want to find something like the 80th ইনà§à¦¡ point in a string.